A rose bush is a thing of beauty that can provide enjoyment for many years, if properly cared for. Rose varieties vary widely in color, height, level of scent and thickness. But pure splendor is a trait they all share. They also share a few important needs that can be met by their caretakers. They require deep watering, proper fertilization and regular pruning.
Most roses flourish with deep, infrequent watering. This encourages deep root growth, which helps the rose have more stability and more access to nutrients and water deeper in the soil. This is especially beneficial during dry spells. Well-established roses need approximately one inch of water per week. Newly transplanted roses will need more frequent watering, as they adjust to their new soil. Well-watered roses are more drought-tolerant, disease-resistant and will bloom well. However, roses are a bit finicky about water on their leaves. Wet leaves will encourage fungal diseases. It is best to water at the base of the plant, either by hand or with a soaker hose and always in the morning, when it’s cool.
It is important to fertilize most roses regularly. There is some variation, depending on the type and age, but in general, the roses which need the most fertilizer are the ones which have been heavily pruned and the ones which have repeated blooming throughout the season. Choose a fertilizer specifically meant for roses; this will ensure the right ratios of the major nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (labeled NPK). Choose a fertilizer mainly comprised of organic matter to support and build the soil and provides roses some of the micronutrients, as well. Be sure to read package labels carefully, for proper dosage. Fertilize young, pruned and repeating roses in the spring, again when blooming begins and once in the fall, before a frost. This will encourage new, strong growth, more blossoms and better soil.
Don’t forget to groom your roses throughout their life. The simplest way is to remove dead blossoms, as they appear, to encourage new flowers and to keep the bush looking sharp. It is vital to prune off any dead wood and any stems or leaves that show signs of disease. Maintenance pruning may be done in the spring, in early to mid May, by making sharp, clean cuts at a 45° angle, just above the buds. A good general rule is to cut the bush back by a third and to just leave the biggest, strongest canes to grow.
With deep watering, regular fertilization and yearly pruning, your roses will bloom fully and beautifully year after year! A healthy rose bush is a magnificent sight in the garden.
